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Joint Conspiracy of Qoraish and Jews and Ghazwah Ahzab

Collusion  of Quraish and Jews
On his arrival at Medina, the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) had made a written agreement with the Jews (known as Meesaqul Medina). He always abided by this convenant but on the Jews, being the wealthy and influential people in Medina, were very much agitate on the continuous progress and glory of Islam since the Prophet's arrival. Therefore, they were always bent upon torturing the Muslims.

At the Muslims had achieved a wonderful victory on Ghazwah Badr, the fury and wrath of the Jews had no bounds. They started on upon defiance of the covenant and in 2 A .H their tribe Qainuqa declared war against the Muslims. Having observed this situation, the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him)  also made preparations for war. When the encounter started, the Jews seige besieged themselves. After some time Qainuqa exiled toward Syria and the Tribe Banu Nudair opted to settle in Khaibar.

The Quraish of Mecca (being fully alive of this situation) were trying their best to exploit this situation by writing letters to the Jews and the hypocrites agitating them against the Muslims and at the same time threatening them that if they did nit turn out Muhammad (peace be upon him) form Medina, they would fight against them too.

All these circumstances served as a good excuse for mutual relation and alliance among the Quraish, the Jews and the Munafiqeen of Medina whose collective force stood up and cribed were inflamed with the spirit of revenge against Islam. Because of this conspiracy the Muslims had to face Ghazwah Zatur-Raqa' on 10th of Muharram in 5 A .H. and Ghazwah Duma-tul-Jundal in Rabi'-ul-Awwal is the same year. Moreover, Ghazwah Banu Mustalaq encountered on 2nd Sha'ban in 5 A .H. was also the cause of the same conspiracy. These conspiracies continued developing in different shapes for a long tine.

Ghazwah Ahzab    The Event of Ditch
In Sum, all these hostile forces, having mustered their collective strength were determined to assault on Medina and in Zi Qa'ad of 5 A . H. their ten thousand strong army advanced towards Medina to annihilate the Muslims for ever. Having learnt about it, the holy Prophet (peace be upon him) gathered his Sahabah and consulted them. Hadrat Salman Farsi expressed his opinion that they should dig a ditch around the place from where they enemy was apprehended to thrust into Medina. The Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) after approving the idea, girded himself alongwith three thousand Sahabah to dig a ditch, which was excavated in six days. The ditch was five yards deep, and the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) personally took part in its excavation.

While digging the ditch they found a stone-rock, which could not be broken by them. The Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) struck his spade against it and it broke into pieces. Anyhow, the ditch was ready by now.
Meanwhile the infidels' army approached and besieged Medina, and the Muslims remained in siege for about fifteen days. Due to the siege there was great discomfort and restlessness in Medina and because of shortage of supply, the Sahabah had to remain without any food for three days consecutively. One day, some Sahabah, out of utter disappointment, showed the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) their bellies with stones fastened to them. Thereupon he made his own belly asked them and there were two stones fastened to it. When the besiegers could no cross the ditch they started hurling arrows and stones towards Muslims and the Muslims also retaliated. During this course of fighting the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) missed his four compulsory salats (regular prayers).

Wind storm against Infidels and Allah's help for Muslims
At last, Merciful Allah's help come to the helpless Muslims and he let lose such a dangerous wind storm upon the infidels that the pegs of the camps were driven out, the cooking vessels in the hearths were toppled down and their ration etc. altogether blown away and perished. This situation completely fabbergasated the enemy's army. Availing this opportunity, Hdarat Naeem ibne Mas'ood used a war tactic which brought about dissension among the groups of the infidels' army. After a short time, they turned back without fight and the battlefield was vacant.

Miscellaneous Events
It was during this year that Hajj was declared obligatory. (2) The Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) grandson, Abdullah bin Uthman, i.e. Hadrat Ruqayya's son, died in Jamadi-ul-Awwal of the same year. (3) By the end of Shawwal of this year the mother of Hadrat Aayshah died. (4) In the month of Ziqa'd if the same year Hadrat Zainab binte Jehsh was married to the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him). (5) There was an earthquake in Medina during this year, and (6) There was moon eclipse in the same year.

The year 6 A . H.

Treaty of Hudaibiya, Bait-e-Ridwan
In the beginning of the month Zi Qa'ad in 6 A.H., the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) made up his mind to go to Mecca for performing Umrah, and put on Ihram for that purpose. About fourteen to fifteen hundred Sahabah are also stated to have accompanied him.

Hudaibiya is in fact the name of a well at some short distance from Mecca and the name its village also goes by the name Hudaibiya. The Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) and his companions had a stop there before proceeding to Mecca.

His Miracle
There was an absolutely dry well, which was so much filled with water by the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) that all of them used its water to their complete satisfaction.

On their arrival at Hudaibiya, the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) sent Hadrat Uthman to Mecca with the message that they had come only for visiting the Baitullah (Ka'bah) and for performing Umarah without any political interest involved therein. When Hadrat Uthman reached Mecca, the infidels detained him, but rumour spread in Hudaibiya that Uthman was murdered by the infidels. The Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) apprehending it a factual news, assemble his Sahabah and took the oath of allegiance is called " Bait-e-Ridwan". The news was later on found a false one. On the contrary, the Quraish sent Sohail bin Amr as their representative for setting the conditions of treaty. And a treaty was written for ten years' reconciliation under the following conditions:

1. Muslims shall go back this time without entering Mecca.

2. Next year they would come for three days stay in Mecca in order to perform Umrah.

3. They shall not come equipped with weapons except their swords and they too will be sheather.

4. They shall not take alongwith them any Muslim from Mecca.

5. If any of the Muslims wanted to stay in Mecca he shall not be prohibited from doing so.

6. If any Muslim reached Medina from Mecca he shall be sent back.

7. If any one came from Medina to Mecca he should not be returned.

Although all these conditions were apparently below the dignity of the Muslims, Almighty Allah called this Treaty as the Victory and during the same journey Surah Fateh (Victory) was revealed. The Sahabah very much disliked any Treaty under duress. Hadrat Umar insistingly submitted his aversion before the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) but he replied that he was ordained so by Almighty Allah and their future success and victory was hidden in this very Treaty. The future events unveiled this secret, because it was due to this Treaty that there was a free traffic between Mecca and Median. The infidels started meeting the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) and other Muslims. The Islamic conduct had a magnetic attraction for them. The historians have stated that never before had so many people embraced Islam as after this Treaty. And the fact is that this Treaty proved as a precursory step for the victory of Mecca.

Letters to the Kings inviting them towards Islam

•  After the Treaty of Hudaibiya the travel had become safe. So the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) made up his mind to convey the truth of Islam to all the Kings of the world. Accordingly he sent Amr bin Umayyah to Ashama, called Negus, the King of Abyssinia with a letter of initiation towards Islam. He respected the letter from the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) by touching his both eyes to it and stepping down from his throne. He gladly embraced Islam and later died during the life-time of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him).

•    Wahyah Kalbi was sent to Heraclus, the King of Rome. He too was convinced by solid arguments and attestation from the former Scriptures that the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) was indeed a Prophet of Allah. There fore he showed his willingness to embrace Islam, but all his subjects got enraged on his this gesture. Smelling the impending danger of getting himself dethroned by them, declined to embrace Islam.

•     Hadrat Abdullah ibne Huzafah was sent to Chosros, Chosro Pravez, the Emperor of Iran. This wretched King tore off the Holy Prophet's (peace be upon him) Letter disgracefully When  the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) came to know about it he said, " May Allah turn his empire into pieces in the same manner as he has done with our letter." how could a curse from the greatest messenger of Allah go ineffective? After a short time Chosro Parvez was cruelly killed by his own son Sheroyah.

•    Hatib bin Abi Balta' was sent to Maqauqus, King of Egypt and Alexandria, He was also blessed by Almighty Allah with the truth of Islam and righteousness the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him). There fore, he conducted in response very nicely, and, after showing a very good hospitality towards Hadrat Hatib, he sent to the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) some presents, including a slave-girl Maryah Qibtiyah and whit mule named ' Duldul'. According to a version, he also sent one thousand Dinars and twenty two suits as parts of his presents.

•    Hadrat Amr bin Aas was sent to Oman's King Jaifar and King Abdullah. They also believed in the Pophethood of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) after verification from the former Scriptures and personal satisfaction. Both of them embraced Islam and right from that time they started collecting Zahat and handed it over to Hadtat Amr bin Aas.

Embracing Islam by Khailid bin Waleed and Amr bin Aas
Before the Treaty of Hudaibiya Khaild bin Waleed was against the Muslims in every battle and particularly in the battle of Uhad, it was due to valour and strategy that the fleeing infidels regained power and firmness in the field.

But after the Treaty of Hudaibiya, he voluntarily travelled to Medina to embrace Islam. On his way, he met Amr bin Aas and came to know that he was also travelling towards Medina with the same intentions. So both of them, after reaching Medina.