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1- Going to Medina at any time with the intention of visiting the Prophet's Mosque a sunnah. as is performing salah in it. According to Hadith of the Prophet's (may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), a salah performed in the Prophet's Mosque is better than a thousand salats in other place excepting the Sacred Mosque (Mashid al-Haram) in Mecca.

2 - There is no Ihram no Talbiyah for the visit to the Prophet's Mosque, and it should be emphasised that there is no connection whatsoever between this visit and the Hajj.

3 - When you enter the Prophet's Mosque, enter with you right foot first, saying the name of Allah the Most High, and evoking blessings on His Prophet (may His peace and blessing be on him), and ask Allah to open the gate of His mercy for you The recommended words for entering any mosque,

"A'udhu billahil-asheem was wahhi hil-kareem was sultanihil-qadeem mina-shay-tani-rajeem. Allah-humma, iftah li abwaba rahmatil."
(I seek refuge in Allah the Al-mighty, and in His noble countenance and in His internal  Power, from Satan the Rejected. O Allah, open to me the doors of Your mercy).

4 - Perform two Ra'kats of Tahiyyat al-masjid (the prayer of "greeting of the mosque") after entering the Mosque, preferably in the Rawdah or otherwise anywhere else in the Mosque.

5- then go to the grave of the Prophet (may the peace and blessings of Allah be on him), and standing in front of it and facing it, say in a respectful and hushed voice:

"Assalamu 'alaika, ayyuhan-nabiyya wa rahmatul-lahi wa barakatuhu."
(peace be on you, O Prophet, and the mercy and blessings of Allah)

and call for the blessings of Allah on him. There is no haram if you add:

"Allahumma, atihi-waseelata wal-fadeelata wab-'athul-maqamal-mahmoudal-ladhee wa-adtah-. Allahumma, Aivih 'an ummatihi afdala-jaza."
(O Lord, give him  the right (of intercession) and the favour, and raise him to the praiseworthy station which you promised to him. O Allah reward him on behalf of his ummah (people) with the best of rewards).

Then move a little to the right to stand before the grave of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). Greet him and supplicate Allah to bestow His mercy and forgiveness in him.
Again move a little to the stand before the grave of 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and greet him and make supplication for him

6 - It is sunnah to have (Taharah), and visit the Mosque of Quba and offer salat in it, as the Prophet (peace and blessing be on him) prayed there and encouraged others to do the same.

7 - It is sunah to visit the graves of al-Baqe'e cometery, and the grave of Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) and the martyres of 'Uhud, and the grave of Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him); to greet them and to pray for the mercy of Allah upon them. The Prophet (peace be upon him) used to visit all these graves and pray for the souls of those who were buried there. He taught his companions when visiting graves to say:

"Assalamu 'alaikum, ahlai-diar minal-mu'mineen wal-muslimeen, wa inna insha'Allah bikum lahiqoon. Nasalal-laha lana walajumul-'afiyah." ( Muslim)
(peace be on you, O dwellers of this place from among. the Believers and the Muslims, and we will inshah-Allah join you. We ask Allah fro security (from the Fire of Hell) for ourselves and for you)

According to the Shari'ah besides the mosques and other places mentioned above, there are no other mosques or places in Medina which are to be visited. Therefore, do not burden yourself by visiting places for which there is no reward or for which, in fact, there might be some blame for doing so. And Allah is the source of guidance.

Red text sign is Qur'anic Verses or Prayers and Blue Text is sign Roman English, Green text Traditions of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)